Nondegeneracy of positive bubble solutions for generalized energy-critical Hartree equations

We show the nondegeneracy of positive bubble solutions for generalized energy-critical Hartree equations (NLH) \begin{equation*} -{\Delta u}\sts{x} -{\bm\alpha}\sts{N,\lambda} \int_{\R^N} { \frac{ u^{p}\sts{y}}{\pabs{\,x-y\,}{\lambda}} }\diff{y}\, u^{p-1}\sts{x} =0,\quad x\in \R^N \end{equation*} where $u(x)$ is a real-valued function, $N\geq 3$, $0<\lambda<N$, $p=\frac{2N-\lambda}{N-2}$ and {\bm\alpha}\sts{N,\lambda} is a constant. It generalizes the results for the whole range $0<\lambda<N$ in \cite{DY2019dcds, GWY2020na, LTX2021, MWX:Hartree} and confirms an open nondegeneracy problem in \cite{GMYZ2022cvpde}. Firstly, by the stereographic projection and sharp Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality on the sphere $\S^N$ in \cite{FL2012}, we give an alternative proof of the existence of the extremizer of sharp Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality in $\R^N$ without use of the rearrangement inequalities in \cite{lieb2001analysis}, which is related to the existence of positive bubble solutions of (NLH). Secondly, by making use of the Green function, we obtain an integral form in $\R^N$ of the corresponding linearized equation around positive bubble solutions under suitable decay condition, and its equivalent integral form on the sphere $\S^N$ via the stereographic projection. Lastly, together with the key spherical harmonic decomposition and the Funk-Hecke formula of the spherical harmonic functions in \cite{AH2012, DX2013book, SteinW:Fourier anal}, we can obtain the nondegeneracy of positive bubble solutions for generalized energy-critical Hartree equation (NLH), which is inspired by Frank and Lieb in \cite{FL2012am,FL2012}.Comment: 26 pages. Any comment is welcom

Synergistic and complementary safety supervision mode in coal mines: a case of coal mining companies in China

Učinkovit sigurnosni nadzor jamči sigurnu proizvodnju rudnika ugljena. Međutim, tradicionalni način nadzora u kineskim rudnicima ugljena ne može u potpunosti ostvariti sinergijske i dopunske učinke elemenata (tj. sigurnosne inspektore) sustava sigurnosnog nadzora, što uzrokuje informaciju, primjenu i resurs kao izolirani otočić. Kako bi se prevladali ovi nedostaci i poboljšala učinkovitost sigurnosnog nadzora, u ovom je istraživanju istražena sinergijska i dodatna metoda sigurnosnog nadzora (SCSSM - Synergistic and Complementary Safety Supervision Mode). Nakon analize primjenjivosti sinergijske i dopunske ideje upravljanja, ova studija kreativno je predstavila predloženu ideju sigurnosnog nadzora u rudniku ugljena. Na osnovu nedostataka postojećeg načina sigurnosnog nadzora i prednosti sinergijskog i dopunskog upravljanja, uspostavljen je SCSSM i osigurana njegova nedvojbena metoda rada. Konačno, novi način sigurnosnog nadzora primijenjen je u Xinwen Mining Groupu Xin Julong Co., Ltd. s određenom metodom primjene i usporednom analizom. Rezultati pokazuju da novi način sigurnosnog nadzora koristi manje resursa sigurnosnog nadzora nego tradicionalni. U međuvremenu, poboljšani su učinkovitost provjere i ispravljanja skrivenih opasnosti te ograničeni kapacitet projekta. Štoviše, broj nesreća je smanjen, što ima značajnu sigurnosnu, ekonomsku i društvenu korist. Ova studija može ostvariti sinergijske i dopunske učinke elemenata sigurnosnog nadzora radi poboljšanja razine nadzora nad sigurnošću rudnika ugljena te ima veliku vrijednost popularizacije i primjene.Effective safety supervision guarantees coal mine safety production. However, the traditional supervision mode in Chinese coal mines cannot fully realize the synergistic and complementary effects of elements (i.e., safety inspectors) of safety supervision system, which causes information-isolated island, application-isolated island, and resource-isolated island. To overcome these deficiencies and improve the efficiency of safety supervision, a synergistic and complementary safety supervision mode (SCSSM) was explored in this study. After the applicability analysis of the synergistic and complementary management idea, this study creatively introduced the proposed idea to the safety supervision in the coal mine. On the basis of the deficiencies of the existing safety supervision mode and the advantages of synergistic and complementary management, the SCSSM was then established and its definite operation method was also provided. Finally, the new safety supervision mode was applied in Xinwen Mining Group Xin Julong Co., Ltd. with definite implementation method and comparative analysis. Results show that the new safety supervision mode uses lesser safety supervision resources than the traditional one. Meanwhile, the checking and rectification efficiency of hidden dangers and the project qualified rate are improved. Moreover, the number of accidents is reduced, which has significant safety, economic, and social benefits. This study can realize the synergistic and complementary effects of elements of safety supervision to improve the level of coal mine safety supervision and has high value of popularization and application

Establishing reference intervals of coagulation indices based on the ACL Top 700 system for children in Southwestern Fujian, China

Abstract(#br)Background(#br)Till date, China has not issued industry standards for reference intervals (RIs) of pediatric blood coagulation indices. Here, we evaluated changes in the coagulation indices in the venous blood of healthy children aged 29 days to 12 years derived using the ACL Top 700 system and established appropriate RIs.(#br)Methods(#br)We analyzed venous blood from 1770 healthy children for five coagulation indices. RIs were established according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute C28-A3c guideline.(#br)Results(#br)The coagulation indices were grouped by age. For prothrombin time (PT) and international normalization ratio (INR), the RIs of infants and toddlers were identical; preschool children had the same RI as school-age children. Pediatric RIs for PT and INR were slightly lower than those for adults. The RIs of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), and fibrinogen (FIB) in childhood were divided into two groups by age (1 month to 1 year and 1–12 years). The RI of APTT in infants was the widest; the overall level of FIB in infants was the lowest; children’s APTT and FIB RIs were lower than those of adults. The pattern of TT values and RI trends in childhood were similar to those of APTT.(#br)Conclusions(#br)There were minor changes in the RIs of coagulation indices for children. The RIs of PT, INR, APTT, TT, and FIB must be grouped by age. The RIs of coagulation indices for children were different from those for adults; therefore, establishing separate RIs for children is necessary

Establishing reference intervals of coagulation indices based on the ACL Top 700 system for children in Southwestern Fujian, China.

BACKGROUND(#br)Till date, China has not issued industry standards for reference intervals (RIs) of pediatric blood coagulation indices. Here, we evaluated changes in the coagulation indices in the venous blood of healthy children aged 29 days to 12 years derived using the ACL Top 700 system and established appropriate RIs.(#br)METHODS(#br)We analyzed venous blood from 1770 healthy children for five coagulation indices. RIs were established according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute C28-A3c guideline.(#br)RESULTS(#br)The coagulation indices were grouped by age. For prothrombin time (PT) and international normalization ratio (INR), the RIs of infants and toddlers were identical; preschool children had the same RI as school-age children. Pediatric RIs for PT and INR were slightly lower than those for adults. The RIs of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), and fibrinogen (FIB) in childhood were divided into two groups by age (1 month to 1 year and 1-12 years). The RI of APTT in infants was the widest; the overall level of FIB in infants was the lowest; children’s APTT and FIB RIs were lower than those of adults. The pattern of TT values and RI trends in childhood were similar to those of APTT.(#br)CONCLUSIONS(#br)There were minor changes in the RIs of coagulation indices for children. The RIs of PT, INR, APTT, TT, and FIB must be grouped by age. The RIs of coagulation indices for children were different from those for adults; therefore, establishing separate RIs for children is necessary

Metabolomics in the Development and Progression of Dementia: A Systematic Review

Dementia has become a major global public health challenge with a heavy economic burden. It is urgently necessary to understand dementia pathogenesis and to identify biomarkers predicting risk of dementia in the preclinical stage for prevention, monitoring, and treatment. Metabolomics provides a novel approach for the identification of biomarkers of dementia. This systematic review aimed to examine and summarize recent retrospective cohort human studies assessing circulating metabolite markers, detected using high-throughput metabolomics, in the context of disease progression to dementia, including incident mild cognitive impairment, all-cause dementia, and cognitive decline. We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for retrospective cohort human studies assessing associations between blood (plasma or serum) metabolomics profile and cognitive decline and risk of dementia from inception through October 15, 2018. We identified 16 studies reporting circulating metabolites and risk of dementia, and six regarding cognitive performance change. Concentrations of several blood metabolites, including lipids (higher phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, and lysophophatidylcholine, and lower docosahexaenoic acid and high-density lipoprotein subfractions), amino acids (lower branched-chain amino acids, creatinine, and taurine, and higher glutamate, glutamine, and anthranilic acid), and steroids were associated with cognitive decline and the incidence or progression of dementia. Circulating metabolites appear to be associated with the risk of dementia. Metabolomics could be a promising tool in dementia biomarker discovery. However, standardization and consensus guidelines for study design and analytical techniques require future development

Advanced application of collagen-based biomaterials in tissue repair and restoration

AbstractIn tissue engineering, bioactive materials play an important role, providing structural support, cell regulation and establishing a suitable microenvironment to promote tissue regeneration. As the main component of extracellular matrix, collagen is an important natural bioactive material and it has been widely used in scientific research and clinical applications. Collagen is available from a wide range of animal origin, it can be produced by synthesis or through recombinant protein production systems. The use of pure collagen has inherent disadvantages in terms of physico-chemical properties. For this reason, a processed collagen in different ways can better match the specific requirements as biomaterial for tissue repair. Here, collagen may be used in bone/cartilage regeneration, skin regeneration, cardiovascular repair and other fields, by following different processing methods, including cross-linked collagen, complex, structured collagen, mineralized collagen, carrier and other forms, promoting the development of tissue engineering. This review summarizes a wide range of applications of collagen-based biomaterials and their recent progress in several tissue regeneration fields. Furthermore, the application prospect of bioactive materials based on collagen was outlooked, aiming at inspiring more new progress and advancements in tissue engineering research. Graphical Abstrac

Shoot/Root Interactions Affect Soybean Photosynthetic Traits and Yield Formation: A Case Study of Grafting With Record-Yield Cultivars

Improvement of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield and photosynthesis physiology have been achieved over decades of cultivar breeding. Identification of the mechanisms involved in shoot-root interactions would be beneficial for the development of yield improvement breeding strategies. The objectives of this study were to investigate soybean shoot-root interactions with different-year released soybean cultivars and to evaluate their effects on grain yield and yield components. Soybean grafts used in this study were constructed with two record-yield cultivars Liaodou14 (L14) and Zhonghuang35 (Z35) and eleven cultivars released in 1966–2006 from the United States and Chinese. The grafting experiments were conducted as pot-culture experiments and repeated in 2014 and 2015. Our results showed that net photosynthesis rate (PN) was positively correlated to both root activity and root bleeding sap mass (RBSM) during the R6 reproductive stage. Moreover, different year-released soybean shoots had all exhibited capabilities of changing the root activity and architecture of L14 and Z35 rootstocks to “generation”-specific patterns during all reproductive stages. However, these influences were independent of the photosynthetic strength. Yield analysis had demonstrated that high-yielding root systems (L14 and Z35 rootstocks) could cause more than 15% of yield increase in seven out of eleven common scions in a scion-genotype-dependent manner. For Williams-descendant cultivar scions, L14 and Z35 rootstocks promoted yields mainly by increasing the seed number (SN), but those scions of Amsoy-descendent cultivars showed mainly seed weight (SW) increases when grafted onto L14 and Z35 rootstocks. On the other hand, although most tested common rootstocks did not show significant influence over the final yields in record-yield L14 and Z35 scions, they were obviously capable of shifting the formation of yield components when compared to L14 and Z35 self-grafting controls. Taken together, soybean shoots could influence the root physiology and played a crucial role in the determination of yield potentials. Synergistically with shoots, soybean roots played a more supportive role during the realization of yield potentials through root activities and by balancing the formation of yield components. These findings provided interesting insightful information for developing new breeding strategies which aim to pyramid elite physiological and yield traits by selecting specific parental combinations

The Prognosis of Anti-Angiogenesis Treatments Combined with Standard Therapy for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background and Purpose: Although bevacizumab (BV) has been approved as second-line therapy for recurrent glioblastoma (GB), the efficacy and safety of BV for patients with newly diagnosed GB remain unclear. Methodology/Principal Findings: We systematically searched electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, etc.) to identify related studies published from January 1966 and August 2016. Eight randomized controlled trials including a total of 2,185 patients with GB were included. We found that the median progression-free survival (PFS) was higher in the BV group than in the standard therapy (ST) group (pooled hazard ratio, 0.73;95% CI, 0.62-0.86;P = 0.0001). Compared with ST, BV improved the PFS rate at 6 months (OR 3.33, 95% CI 2.73-4.06, p<0.00001) and 12 months (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.74-2.54, p< 0.00001). There were no significant differences in median overall survival between the BV and ST groups (OR, 1.01;95% CI, 0.83-1.23;P = 0.95). The BV group had higher survival rates at 6 months (OR, 1.41;95% CI, 1.09-1.84;P = 0.01) and 12 months (OR, 1.23;95% CI, 1.02-1.48;P = 0.03), but a low survival rate at the 36-month follow-up (OR, 0.57;95% CI, 0.32-0.98;P = 0.04). For the incidence of adverse events, three adverse outcomes were found to be significantly different between BV and ST groups, including hypertension (8.37% vs. 1.62%, p<0.000001), proteinuria (7.65% vs. 0%, p<0.001), and fatigue (14.54% vs. 9.01%, p = 0.05). Conclusions/Significance: Our study indicates that combination of BV with ST for newly diagnosed GB did not improve the median overall survival but result in longer median PFS, maintaining the quality of life and functional status. However, the long-term use of BV is associated with a higher incidence of adverse events and mortality

Efficient Phytase Secretion and Phytate Degradation by Recombinant Bifidobacterium longum JCM 1217

Genetic engineering of probiotics, like bifidobacteria, may improve their microbial cell factory economy. This work designed a novel shuttle plasmid pBPES, which bears exogenous appA and is stable within Bifidobacterium longum JCM 1217. Cloning of three predicted promoters into pBPES proved that all of them drive appA expression in B. longum JCM 1217. Transformation of plasmids pBPES-tu and pBPES-groEL into B. longum JCM1217 resulted in much more phytase secretion suggests Ptu and PgroEL are strong promoters. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments suggested B. longum JCM 1217/pBPES-tu degrades phytate efficiently. In conclusion, the study screened two stronger promoters and constructed a recombinant live probiotic strain for effectively phytase secretion and phytate degradation in gut. The strategy used in the study provided a novel technique for improving the bioaccessibility of phytate and decreasing phosphorus excretion